| Chapters 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 | ||||
| Exam 1 Key Exam 2 Key Exam 3 key Exam 4 Key | ||||
| Final Exam Practice: Questions Answers | ||||
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Chapter 11 Intermolecular Forces,
Liquids, and Solids Objectives
Describe the types of intra- / intermolecular forces and be able to state the
type expected for a substance knowing its structure.
Explain and apply the relationship between properties of
liquids and intermolecular forces.
Understand how vapor pressure depends on intermolecular attraction and temperature.
Extract information from simple phase diagrams
Explain and apply the relationship between properties of
solids and the type of solid (ionic, molecular, metallic, or
covalent network) a substance is.
Calculate density, molar mass, and unit cell dimensions given data on the unit cell of a solid.
From
the heat capacities and enthalpies of state change, be able to
calculate the amount of heat to change a substance from one
temperature and state to another.
VSEPR Table Lewis Structure and Polarity (key) Molecular Polarity Worksheet Organic Nomenclature table |
****Unit Cell Calculations Practice Problems with detailed solutions Cubic Face-centered cubic Body-centered cubic Nice summary of unit cells (Note: it does have some extra info) |
Resources 1-Intro to Intermolecular Forces (ppt) (adobe) 2-Liquids and IMF (ppt) (adobe) 3-States of Matter and Vapor Pressure (ppt) (adobe) 4-Solids and IMF (ppt) (adobe) 5-Phase changes (heating curves) (ppt) (adobe) 6-Phase Diagrams (ppt) (adobe) IMF flow chart |
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Chapter 12 Solutions Objectives
Describe the energy changes associated with the formation of a
solution -"Like dissolves like!"
Explain effects of temperature and pressure on solubility. Perform calculations using Henry's Law.
Define
units of concentration, mass percent, ppm, mole fraction, molarity,
and molality, and be able to calculate each from appropriate data.
Describe the effect of solute (or solvent) concentration on each colligative property—vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point,
osmotic pressure. Be able to calculate any of these effects from
concentration data for electrolyte and nonelectrolyte solutes. Calculate the concentration and molar mass of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolyte from its effect on a colligative property. ------- Describe the effect of solute (or solvent) concentration on vapor pressure. Be able to calculate this effect using Raoult's Law |
Resources Concentration (ppt) (adobe) Solution Formation (ppt) (adobe) Solubility (ppt) (adobe) Colligative Props. - part 1 (ppt) (adobe) Colligative Props. - part 2 (ppt) (adobe) Colloids (ppt) (adobe) |
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Chapter 13 Kinetics Objectives
Express the rate of a reaction in terms of changes in the
concentration of a reactant or a product per time.
Explain the meaning of the reaction rate law and the rate law
constant. Understand what is meant by order in terms of a reactant as well as
the overall order.
Explain what is meant by a reaction mechanism and know the meaning
of elementary steps, rate-determining step, and intermediate
species. Be
able to explain and show how a rate law is derived from a certain
reaction mechanism.
Use Collision Theory to explain the effects of reactant
concentration, temperature, state of reactants and presence of a
catalyst on reaction rate. Draw and explain reaction energy
diagrams. Explain graphically the concept of activation energy.
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In case I am unable to complete and post vodcasts for this chapter,
the following video lectures and notes are provided by the MIT open
courseware project. Everything that was covered in class Friday can be found within these 4 videos. There is a link to the lecture notes for each video. You may want to open this first and scan through to make sure that the lecture covers the content you need. Course: Principles of Chemical Science Lecture 31: Rate Laws Lecture 32: Nuclear Chemistry and elementary reactions Lecture 33: Reaction Mechanism Lecture 34: Temperature and Kinetics NOTE: If you find this professor's lectures beneficial please let me know. Other Principles of Chemical Science lectures (which include some CHE 201 content) |
Resources Reaction Kinetics (ppt) (adobe) Reaction Mechanism problems (answers) |
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Chapter 14 Equilibrium Objectives
Understand the meaning of dynamic equilibrium. Write
the equilibrium expression for any chemical reaction. Understand the meaning of the magnitude of the value of K.
Calculate Kc or
Kp when given appropriate
data. Interconvert Kc and
Kp.
------ Knowing the value of K and initial concentrations, calculate equilibrium concentrations. ------
Calculate Q, the reaction quotient, to determine if a reaction is
at equilibrium and if not, determine its direction.
Explain how an equilibrium is shifted by stresses (changes in
temperature, pressure, or concentration)–Le Chatelier's Principle. Explain how temperature changes the value of K.
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Resources Equilibrium Expressions (ppt) (adobe) Equilibrium Calculations (ppt) (adobe) LeChatlier's Principle (ppt) (adobe) Solubility Products (ppt) (adobe) |
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Chapter 15 Acid-Base Equilibria Objectives
List
general properties that characterize acidic and basic solutions and
the ions responsible. Understand what is meant by strength of an acid or a base.
Explain the autoionization of water and write the Kw
expression.
Predict whether the solution of a particular salt will be acidic,
basic, or neutral.
Define
an acid and a base in the Lewis sense.
Define
pH and be able to interconvert between [H+], [
Given the acid concentration, be able to interconvert between Ka and pH. --------
Given the base concentration, be able to interconvert
between Kb and pH.
Calculate the percent ionization from the Ka or the Kb, and vice versa. ------- Calculate the pH of a salt solution |
Additional Vodcasts from other teachers: Intro to Acids and Bases (Ms. Wolf) pH calculations - strong acids & bases (long, but she works lots of examples...love Ms. Wolf's accent and enthusiasm) pH of Salt Solutions (slides are a little difficult to read but prof does a good job with the discussion...better if viewed in Full screen on Real Player) |
Resources Intro to Acids & Bases (ppt) (adobe) |
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Chapter 16 Acid-Base Equilibria and
Solubility Objectives Understand the application of equilibrium concepts to solution formation. Write the Ksp expression for a salt. Interconvert between solubility and Ksp.
Predict
whether a precipitate will form when two solutions are mixed.
Calculate the effect of a common ion on the solubility of a slightly soluble salt. Understand the effect of pH on solubility equilibrium. ------
Describe how a buffer solution works and how one can be made at a
particular pH.
Distinguish between the various titration curves.
Calculate the concentration of each species in a solution formed by
mixing an acid and a base. Understand how indicators work and be able to choose an appropriate indicator for a given titration using pH ranges and/or Ka values of the indicators. |
Resources Applications of Acids and Bases (ppt) (adobe) Table of potential unknown acids for lab |
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Chapter 18 Entropy Objectives
Define entropy as it pertains to the second law of thermodynamics. Predict
the sign of the entropy of a given process, and state the third law
of thermodynamics.
Define
free energy in terms of enthalpy and entropy, and explain the
relationship of the sign of
Calculate
Interconvert
 G,
knowing
G°,
T, and the data needed to calculate Q. |
Discussion from MIT Open Courseware Project: Lecture 17: Entropy and Disorder |
Resources Entropy Discussion (ppt) (adobe) |
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Chapter 19 Electrochemistry Objectives
Identify redox reactions, the species oxidized, reduced, the
oxidizing agent, and the reducing agent.
Balance redox reactions by using oxidation number method and
half-reactions method.
Diagram and label electrochemical cells, both voltaic and
electrolytic.
Given electrode potentials, predict if a reaction is spontaneous.
Be able to calculate any variable in
the Nernst equation given the others.
Calculate the maximum
electrical work performed by a voltaic cell.
Interconvert E°,
-------
Calculate time, current, or amount of a
substance produced by electrolysis, given the other two. |
Resources Electrochemistry (ppt) (adobe) Handout Electrochemistry Practice Worksheet 1 Worksheet 2 |
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Intro to Organic Nomenclature and Isomers Organic Intro (ppt) (adobe) Functional Groups Handout Practice Worksheets
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CHE-202
Notes
